Forestry Resources of Georgia, (Page
II)
Another important resource in the
forests of Georgia is the diverse animal life fund
there. The study and protection of forest fauna and
the establishment of hunting farms are of particular
importance. Currently the number of habitat is rather
reduced. It is necessary to register and protect existed
fauna. The establishment of hunting farms can be a
good way to protect species of animals and birds,
so that breeding and hunting are ordered and regulated.
As mentioned above, forests in Georgia
are rich with precious wood species. Wood cutting
is carried out by main (industrial) and care cuttings.
The goal of main cutting is to obtain wood for country
and population needs without causing damages to the
protective functions of the nature.
Care cutting improves the useful functions,
structure and general condition of the stands. Stand
expansion and preparation for main cutting are carried
out simultaneously.
In the mountain forests main and care
cuttings are carried out on 35? sliding slopes and
30% of the existing resources are being cut down.
Over-age, dry and sick trees are cut down first. On
31-35? sliding slopes withdrawal of the cut wood is
carried out by means of ropeway or logging force.
Main cuttings are done only in the
mature stands by gradual, group, selective and voluntary
selective cuttings periodically during throughout
lengthy fixed terms. In the lowland forests main cuttings
are carried out by the way of clear cuttings in mature
stands. During this process all wood resources are
simultaneously cut down in particular areas. Both
main and care cuttings are carried out according to
regulations considering forest legislation and other
demands.
Probable annual and actual average
annual quantities of wood usage in 1985-97 according
to existing regulations are given in the appendixes
5 and 6.
After adoption of amendments to normative
documents, the usage of wood may be increased up to
1 million m3 (650 thousand m3 by main cutting and
359 thousand m3 by care cutting).
Reducing the actual quantity of woodcuttings
between 1990 and 1997 in comparison with 1985-89 was
related to political instability in Georgia. As mentioned,
there is a probability to process 1 mln. m3 of wood
in future.
The wood obtained from cutting in
the past was used to meet domestic demand. Coniferous
species were used for building materials, pit supports,
and for heating. Deciduous species were used as follows:
beech was used as a raw material for plywood and parquet
and partially for firewood, and alder-trees were utilized
for boxes (30%) and for firewood. Only insignificant
quantities of wood were exported and about 2.5 mln
m3 of wood annually was imported from other republics.
Wood processing was provided by forestry
economies and other subordinate services. Currently
forestry economies carry out care cutting and only
customers with the aid of special wood-processing
brigades can carry out main cutting. Forest economies
control these works.
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Source of this information: http://web.sanet.ge/mospm/Invest-guide/forest-ig-mspm.html
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